------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- The Agda standard library
--
-- Simple combinators working solely on and with functions
------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- The contents of this file can be accessed from `Function`.

{-# OPTIONS --without-K --safe #-}

module Function.Base where

open import Level
open import Strict

private
  variable
    a b c d e : Level
    A : Set a
    B : Set b
    C : Set c
    D : Set d
    E : Set e

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Some simple functions

id : A  A
id x = x

const : A  B  A
const x = λ _  x

constᵣ : A  B  B
constᵣ _ = id

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Operations on dependent functions

-- These are functions whose output has a type that depends on the
-- value of the input to the function.

infixr 9 _∘_ _∘₂_
infixl 8 _ˢ_
infixl 0 _|>_
infix  0 case_return_of_
infixr -1 _$_ _$!_

-- Composition

_∘_ :  {A : Set a} {B : A  Set b} {C : {x : A}  B x  Set c} 
      (∀ {x} (y : B x)  C y)  (g : (x : A)  B x) 
      ((x : A)  C (g x))
f  g = λ x  f (g x)
{-# INLINE _∘_ #-}

_∘₂_ :  {A₁ : Set a} {A₂ : A₁  Set d}
         {B : (x : A₁)  A₂ x  Set b}
         {C : {x : A₁}  {y : A₂ x}  B x y  Set c} 
       ({x : A₁}  {y : A₂ x}  (z : B x y)  C z) 
       (g : (x : A₁)  (y : A₂ x)  B x y) 
       ((x : A₁)  (y : A₂ x)  C (g x y))
f ∘₂ g = λ x y  f (g x y)

-- Flipping order of arguments

flip :  {A : Set a} {B : Set b} {C : A  B  Set c} 
       ((x : A) (y : B)  C x y)  ((y : B) (x : A)  C x y)
flip f = λ y x  f x y
{-# INLINE flip #-}

-- Application - note that _$_ is right associative, as in Haskell.
-- If you want a left associative infix application operator, use
-- Category.Functor._<$>_ from Category.Monad.Identity.IdentityMonad.

_$_ :  {A : Set a} {B : A  Set b} 
      ((x : A)  B x)  ((x : A)  B x)
f $ x = f x
{-# INLINE _$_ #-}

-- Strict (call-by-value) application

_$!_ :  {A : Set a} {B : A  Set b} 
       ((x : A)  B x)  ((x : A)  B x)
_$!_ = flip force

-- Flipped application (aka pipe-forward)

_|>_ :  {A : Set a} {B : A  Set b} 
       (a : A)  (∀ a  B a)  B a
_|>_ = flip _$_
{-# INLINE _|>_ #-}

-- The S combinator - written infix as in Conor McBride's paper
-- "Outrageous but Meaningful Coincidences: Dependent type-safe syntax
-- and evaluation".

_ˢ_ :  {A : Set a} {B : A  Set b} {C : (x : A)  B x  Set c} 
      ((x : A) (y : B x)  C x y) 
      (g : (x : A)  B x) 
      ((x : A)  C x (g x))
f ˢ g = λ x  f x (g x)
{-# INLINE _ˢ_ #-}

-- Converting between implicit and explicit function spaces.

_$- :  {A : Set a} {B : A  Set b}  ((x : A)  B x)  ({x : A}  B x)
f $- = f _
{-# INLINE _$- #-}

λ- :  {A : Set a} {B : A  Set b}  ({x : A}  B x)  ((x : A)  B x)
λ- f = λ x  f
{-# INLINE λ- #-}

-- Case expressions (to be used with pattern-matching lambdas, see
-- README.Case).

case_return_of_ :  {A : Set a} (x : A) (B : A  Set b) 
                  ((x : A)  B x)  B x
case x return B of f = f x
{-# INLINE case_return_of_ #-}

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Non-dependent versions of dependent operations

-- Any of the above operations for dependent functions will also work
-- for non-dependent functions but sometimes Agda has difficulty
-- inferring the non-dependency. Primed (′ = \prime) versions of the
-- operations are therefore provided below that sometimes have better
-- inference properties.

infixr 9 _∘′_ _∘₂′_
infixl 0 _|>′_
infix  0 case_of_
infixr -1 _$′_ _$!′_

-- Composition

_∘′_ : (B  C)  (A  B)  (A  C)
f ∘′ g = _∘_ f g

_∘₂′_ : (C  D)  (A  B  C)  (A  B  D)
f ∘₂′ g = _∘₂_ f g

-- Application

_$′_ : (A  B)  (A  B)
_$′_ = _$_

-- Strict (call-by-value) application

_$!′_ : (A  B)  (A  B)
_$!′_ = _$!_

-- Flipped application (aka pipe-forward)

_|>′_ : A  (A  B)  B
_|>′_ = _|>_

-- Case expressions (to be used with pattern-matching lambdas, see
-- README.Case).

case_of_ : A  (A  B)  B
case x of f = case x return _ of f
{-# INLINE case_of_ #-}

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Operations that are only defined for non-dependent functions

infixl 1 _⟨_⟩_
infixl 0 _∋_

-- Binary application

_⟨_⟩_ : A  (A  B  C)  B  C
x  f  y = f x y

-- In Agda you cannot annotate every subexpression with a type
-- signature. This function can be used instead.

_∋_ : (A : Set a)  A  A
A  x = x

-- Conversely it is sometimes useful to be able to extract the
-- type of a given expression.

typeOf : {A : Set a}  A  Set a
typeOf {A = A} _ = A

-- Construct an element of the given type by instance search.

it : {A : Set a}  {{A}}  A
it {{x}} = x

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Composition of a binary function with other functions

infixr 0 _-⟪_⟫-_ _-⟨_⟫-_
infixl 0 _-⟪_⟩-_
infixr 1 _-⟨_⟩-_ ∣_⟫-_ ∣_⟩-_
infixl 1 _on_ _on₂_ _-⟪_∣ _-⟨_∣

-- Two binary functions

_-⟪_⟫-_ : (A  B  C)  (C  D  E)  (A  B  D)  (A  B  E)
f -⟪ _*_ ⟫- g = λ x y  f x y * g x y

-- A single binary function on the left

_-⟪_∣ : (A  B  C)  (C  B  D)  (A  B  D)
f -⟪ _*_  = f -⟪ _*_ ⟫- constᵣ

-- A single binary function on the right

∣_⟫-_ : (A  C  D)  (A  B  C)  (A  B  D)
 _*_ ⟫- g = const -⟪ _*_ ⟫- g

-- A single unary function on the left

_-⟨_∣ : (A  C)  (C  B  D)  (A  B  D)
f -⟨ _*_  = f ∘₂ const -⟪ _*_ 

-- A single unary function on the right

∣_⟩-_ : (A  C  D)  (B  C)  (A  B  D)
 _*_ ⟩- g =  _*_ ⟫- g ∘₂ constᵣ

-- A binary function and a unary function

_-⟪_⟩-_ : (A  B  C)  (C  D  E)  (B  D)  (A  B  E)
f -⟪ _*_ ⟩- g = f -⟪ _*_ ⟫-  constᵣ ⟩- g

-- A unary function and a binary function

_-⟨_⟫-_ : (A  C)  (C  D  E)  (A  B  D)  (A  B  E)
f -⟨ _*_ ⟫- g = f -⟨ const  -⟪ _*_ ⟫- g

-- Two unary functions

_-⟨_⟩-_ : (A  C)  (C  D  E)  (B  D)  (A  B  E)
f -⟨ _*_ ⟩- g = f -⟨ const  -⟪ _*_ ⟫-  constᵣ ⟩- g

-- A single binary function on both sides

_on₂_ : (C  C  D)  (A  B  C)  (A  B  D)
_*_ on₂ f = f -⟪ _*_ ⟫- f

-- A single unary function on both sides

_on_ : (B  B  C)  (A  B)  (A  A  C)
_*_ on f = f -⟨ _*_ ⟩- f

_-[_]-_ = _-⟪_⟫-_
{-# WARNING_ON_USAGE _-[_]-_
"Warning: Function._-[_]-_ was deprecated in v1.4.
Please use _-⟪_⟫-_ instead."
#-}